The Journal of Emergency Medicine
Volume 39, Issue 1 , Pages 6-12 , July 2010

The Presence of Urinary Nitrites Is a Significant Predictor of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection Susceptibility to First- and Third-Generation Cephalosporins

  • Dany Weisz, MD
    • ,
  • Jamie A. Seabrook, MA
    • ,
  • Rodrick K. Lim, BSC, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint Address: Rodrick Lim, bsc, md, Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Rd. E, London, ON N6C 4V5

Received 30 September 2007 ,Revised 5 December 2007 ,Accepted 8 January 2008.

References 

  1. Mangin D, Toop L, Chambers S, Ikram R, Harris B. Increased rates of trimethoprim resistance in uncomplicated urinary tract infection: cause for concern?. N Z Med J. 2005;118:U1726
  2. Lenke RR, Van Dorstein PJ. The efficacy of the nitrate test and microscopic urinalysis in predicting urine culture results. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1981;140:427–429
  3. American Academy of PediatricsCommittee on Quality ImprovementSubcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection. Practice parameter: the diagnosis, treatment and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics. 1999;103:843–852
  4. Larson M, Brooks C, Leary W, et al. Can urinary nitrite results be used to guide antimicrobial choice for urinary tract infection?. J Emerg Med. 1997;15:435–438
  5. Grant D, Chan L, Waterbrook A. Urine nitrite not correlated with bacterial resistance to cephalosporines. J Emerg Med. 2005;28:321–323
  6. Winter AL, Hardy BE, Alton DJ, Arbus GS, Churchill BM. Acquired renal scars in children. J Urol. 1983;129:1190–1194
  7. Smellie JM, Poulton A, Prescod NP. Retrospective study of children with renal scarring associated with reflux and urinary infection. Br Med J. 1994;308:1193–1196
  8. Roberts JA, Kaack MB, Baskin G. Treatment of experimental pyelonephritis in the monkey. J Urol. 1990;143:150–154
  9. Hoberman A, Wald ER, Hickey RW, et al. Oral versus initial intravenous therapy for urinary tract infections in young febrile children. Pediatrics. 1999;104:79–86
  10. Prais D, Straussberg R, Avitzur Y, et al. Bacterial susceptibility to oral antibiotics in community acquired urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child. 2003;88:215–218
  11. Newcombe RG. Interval estimation for the difference between independent proportions: comparison of eleven methods. Stat Med. 1998;17:873–890
  12. Gilbert DN, Moellering RC, Eliopoulos GM, et al. The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2005. Dallas, TX: Antimicrobial Therapy Inc; 2005;
  13. Winberg J. Commentary: progressive renal damage from infection with or without reflux. J Urol. 1992;148:1733–1734
  14. Benador D, Benador N, Slosman DO, Nussle D, Mermillod B, Girardin E. Cortical scintigraphy in the evaluation of renal parenchymal changes in children with pyelonephritis. J Pediatr. 1994;124:17–20
  15. Grude N, Tveten Y, Jenkins A, Kristiansen BE. Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (Bacterial findings and efficacy of empirical antibacterial treatment). Scand J Prim Health Care. 2005;23:115–119
  16. Zhanel GG, Hisanaga TL, Laing NM, et al. Antibiotic resistance in outpatient urinary isolates: final results from the North American Urinary Tract Infection Collaborative Alliance (NAUTICA). Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2005;26:380–388
  17. Lutter SA, Currie ML, Mitz LB, Greenbaum LA. Antibiotic resistance patterns in children hospitalized for urinary tract infections. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;159:924–928

PII: S0736-4679(08)00302-8

doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.01.010

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
Volume 39, Issue 1 , Pages 6-12 , July 2010

Article Tools