Current literature supports benzodiazepines as first-line treatment in pediatric convulsive
status epilepticus, but low quality evidence exists to support current guideline recommendations
of phenytoin and fosphenytoin as second-line agents. Additionally, current evidence
suggests increased risk of adverse events with phenytoin and there have been cases
of fatal loading dose errors. Levetiracetam has emerged as a popular option due to
its favorable safety profile. This study examined the comparative efficacy of levetiracetam
and phenytoin as second-line agents for the treatment of pediatric convulsive status
epilepticus. In particular, it sought to provide further evidence of the superiority
of levetiracetam compared to phenytoin based on previous retrospective data.
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